In May 1921 an Amsterdam schoolteacher, Jan Ceton, went to Soviet Russia to carry out research. As a communist, Ceton was interested mainly in the experimental United Labour Schools (edinaya trudovaya shkola).
A United Labour School was much like a conglomeration of workshops, where students were taught several forms of labour in the printing section, the photography studio, the spinning section, the sawmill, laboratory, and other areas. This teaching was regarded as a continuous process from infancy to adolescence.
Back in Holland, Ceton wrote a pamphlet about his experiences. As a result, he was fired.
Practical obstacles and ideological problems prevented the United Labour Schools in Soviet Russia becoming a success. Ceton's photo album is held at the IISH.