According to the Law 'Adolpho Gordo' issued on 7 January 1907, all foreigners living in Brazil involved in crimes like homicide, the organization of prostitution, and participation in strikes and mutinies, could be expelled. It was only applicable to the immigrants who had lived in Brazil for less than two years. In 1913, this limitation based on years of residence was removed, and the Gordo Law allowed an extension without limits: all immigrants were susceptible to expulsion. Between 1907 and 1921, 556 immigrants were indeed expelled.
Read more? Edilene Toledo and Luigi Biondi, '....the transnational making of the syndicalist movement in Sao Paulo, Brazil, 1895-1935' in: Anarchism and Syndicalism in the Colonial and Postcolonial World, 1870-1940 (Leiden 2010)