This list provides an overview of the primary sources for the history of women and work in the archives and manuscript collections of the IISH.
It contains additional entries for women whose papers are part of the archives of their correspondents or relatives, and some introductory biographical and bibliographical notes. Here are listed the personal and non-dutch archives. For organizational and Dutch archives, go back to the overview of Women at Work archives.
Mathilde Franziska Anneke (1817-1884)
German writer, newspaper publisher, social activist and suffragist who fled to the USA and founded a private school for girls in Milwaukee.
Works: Mutterland (memoirs, 1982).
Lit: Erhard Kiehnbaum, 'Bleib Gesund mein liebster Sohn Fritz...' : Mathilde Franziska Annekes Briefe an Friedrich Hammacher 1846-1849 (2004); Anke Ortlepp, 'Auf denn, Ihr Schwestern!': deutschamerikanische Frauenvereine in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 1844-1914 (2004); Martin Henkel and Rudolf Taubert, Das Weib im Conflict mit den socialen Verhältnissen (1976).
Sara Berenguer (1919-2010)
Active in Mujeres Libres and various CNT-FAI related organizations during the Spanish Civil War. Publications: Entre el sol y la tormenta. Revolución, guerra y exilio de una mujer libre and Mujeres de temple.
Minna Cauer (1842-1922)
Leader of the left wing of the German women's movement.
Lit: Else Lüders, Minna Cauer (1925); Gerlinde Naumann, Minna Cauer (1988); Dagmar Jank, 'Vollendet, was wir begonnen!' (1991).
Lidija Osipovna Dan (1878-1963)
Revolutionary; later Menshevik; expelled from the Soviet Union in 1922; representative of the Menshevik Delegation Abroad to the International Council of Social Democratic Women (ICSDW). See also the papers of Boris Gurevich-Ber, Anzhelika Balabanova, Friedich Adler, Pavel Aksel'rod, Samuel Estrin, Fedor Dan, Berta Mering and Nina Rubinstein. Lit: Boris Sapir (ed), Iz archiva L.O. Dan (1987).
Sediqeh Dowlatabadi
(or Sédighé Dolatabadi). Pioneer of the women's movement in Iran. The feminist movement in Iran came into being at the end of the nineteenth century, when a small group of women attempted to put universal suffrage, political freedom, emancipation and participation in social life on the agenda. The movement continued it's work until the beginning of the twentieth century and came to a halt in the years 1906-1909 during the Constitutional Revolution. During this period periodicals were published and schools for girls were founded. The movement had also succeeded in making the issue of emancipation and women's participation in social life a part of every political discourse. One of it's pioneers was Sadiqeh Dowlatabadi. During her active period, she energetically founded schools, and published books and periodicals. She was one of the women who came to play an active part in the political institutions of Iran. Her archive contains unique materials: her memoirs, personal notes, correspondence with the authorities and private persons, and documents relating to her journal Zaban-e zanan (The Women's Patois) 1919-1921, 1942-1945.
Lit: Mahdokht San'ati and Afsaneh Najmabadi, Sediqe Dowlatabadi (1998).
Henriette Fürth (1861-1938)
German women's rights activist and social democrat.
Works: Die geschlechtliche Aufklärung in Haus und Schule (1903); Die Mutterschaftsversicherung (1911); Die Hausfrau (1914); Die Regelung der Nachkommenschaft als eugenisches Problem (1929); etc.
Lit: Angelika Epple, Henriette Fürth und die Frauenbewegung im deutschen Kaiserreich (1996).
Marlene C. Francia (1987-2005)
Period: 1987-2005. Born in Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines 1959; in 1997 founding director of Advocacy Videos and Consulting in Manila and since then director, producer, writer and consultant; making videos on education and health issues, on cultural and environmental themes, on the participation of citizens and particularly on child labour and the role of women in Philippine society.
Emma Goldman (1869-1940)
One of the most famous Russian anarchists, who became one of the US 'Founding Mothers'. See also the Emma Goldman Papers microfilm publication, the Freedom Archives, the FBI file on Emma Goldman and Alexander Berkman, and the papers and records of A. Bakels, Alexander Berkman, the Charles William Daniel Company, the CNT London Bureau (España), Senya Fléchine, the Fraye Arbeyter Shtime, Martin Gudell, Augustin Hamon, Max Nettlau, Pierre Ramus, Vernon Richards, Rudolf Rocker, Helmut Rüdiger, Oscar Swede, William Charles Owen, Boris Yelensky and Vasilii P. Zhuk.
Web: The Emma Goldman Papers (at the University of California at Berkeley, with the cooperation of the IISH).
Gertrud Guillaume-Schack (1845-1903)
Activist who stood up for the interests of prostitutes, helped by the organization of her English counterpart, Josephine Butler; one of the founders of the Verein zur Vertretung der Interessen der Arbeiterinnen. See also the Max Nettlau papers.
Works: Ein Wort zur Sittlichkeitsfrage (1881); Über unsere sittlichen Verhältnisse (1882).
Jeanne Humbert-Rigaudin (1890-1986)
French neo-malthusianist, libertarian and pacifist.
Works: En pleine vie (novel, 1930); Le Pourrissoir (memoirs, 1932); Sous la cagoule (prison memoirs, 1935); Les Problèmes du couple (1982); etc.
Lit: Roger-Henri Guerrand and Francis Ronsin, Le sexe apprivoisé: Jeanne Humbert et la lutte pour le contrôle des naissances (1990).
Marie Juchacz (1879-1956)
German socialist and anti-fascist; lived in the USA 1941-1949; member of the German-American Council for the Liberation of Germany from Nazism; member of the Council for a Democratic Germany; active in the Jewish Labor Committee and the Arbeiterwohlfahrt USA-Hilfe für die Opfer des Nationalsozialismus.
Works: Sie lebten für eine bessere Welt (1955).
Lit: Fritzmichael Roehl, Marie Juchacz und die Arbeiterwohlfahrt (1961); Christa Hasenclever and Doris Arft, Marie Juchacz (1979).
Aleksandra Michailovna Kollontai
Also: Aleksandra Michajlovna Kollontaj. Twenty six letters to Marcel Body (1926-1936), in the Marcel Body papers
Works: Obshchestvo i materinstvo (Moskva: Gosizdat 1928); Rabotnitsa-mat' (1918); The Workers Opposition in Russia (Chicago 1921) etc.
Rosa Luxemburg (1871-1919)
Foremost Polish Marxist; at the outbreak of WW I, together with Clara Zetkin "the only men in the German Social-Democratic Party". See also the papers of Fanny Jezierska and Karl Kautsky.
Works: Sozialreform oder Revolution? (1899); Massenstreik, Partei und Gewerkschaften (1906); Die Akkumulation des Kapitals (1913); Die Russische Revolution (1922); Einführung in die Nationalökonomie (1925); etc.
Lit: Luise Kautsky (ed), Briefe an Karl und Luise Kautsky (1923); biographies by Paul Fröhlich (1939), Peter Nettl (1967), Gilbert Badia (1975), Elzbieta Ettinger (1986), Stephen Bronner (1987), Richard Abraham (1989), Donald Shepardson (1996); etc.
Eleanor Marx (1855-1898)
Youngest daughter of Karl Marx, some of whose works she published. See also the papers of Karl Marx.
Works (with her husband, Edward Aveling): The Factory Hell (1885); The Working-Class Movement in America (1888); Shelley's Socialism (1888).
Lit: Chushichi Tsuzuki, The life of Eleanor Marx (1967); Yvonne Kapp, Eleanor Marx (2 vols, 1972-76); Emile Bottigelli (ed), Les Filles de Karl Marx (1979); John Stokes (ed), Eleanor Marx (2000).
Liudmila Sergeyevna Novikova (1934-)
Family papers collected by Liudmila Novikova, member of the foundation of former GULag prisoners Vozvrashchenie.
Estelle Sylvia Pankhurst (1882-1960)
Suffragist and internationalist socialist; founder of the East London Federation of the Suffragettes/Workers' Suffrage Federation and its paper Woman's Dreadnought/Workers' Dreadnought 1914-1924; launched the Communist Party, British Section of the Third International in June 1920; participated in several antifascist and pacifist organizations.
Works: The Suffragette (1911); Soviet Russia As I Saw It (1921); India and the Earthly Paradise (1926); Save the Mothers (1930); The Suffragette Movement (1931); The Home Front (1932); The Life of Emmeline Pankhurst (1935); The Ethiopian People (1945); etc. Lit: David Mitchell, The Fighting Pankhursts (1967); Richard Pankhurst, Sylvia Pankhurst (1979); Barbara Castle, Sylvia and Christabel Pankhurst (1987); Jane Marcus (ed), Suffrage and the Pankhursts (1987); Patricia W. Romero, E. Sylvia Pankhurst (1987); Barbara Winslow, Sylvia Pankhurst (1996); etc.
Dora Winifred Russell (1894-1986)
Writer, socialist, feminist, campaigner for many radical causes; second wife of Bertrand Russell.
Works: The Tamarisk Tree (memoirs, 3 vols, 1975-1985).
Video: A Voice on the Side of Life (1984).
Margaret Sanger (1879-1966)
American nurse, birth control activist, labor organizer and writer.
Lit: Emily Douglas, Margaret Sanger (1970); David Kennedy, Birth Control in America (1970).
Martha Tausk (1881-1957)
Austrian socialist and feminist.
Flora Tristan (1803-1844)
Writer, socialist and feminist, internationalist labour organizer.
Works: Pérégrinations d'une paria (2 vols, 1838); Promenades dans Londres (1840); L'Union ouvrière (1843); L'Emancipation de la femme (1846); Le Tour de France (diaries, 1973).
Lit: Jules Puech, La vie et l'oeuvre de Flora Tristan (1925); Charles Gattey, Gauguin's Astonishing Grandmother (1970); Dominique Desanti, Flora Tristan (1972); Pierre Leprohon, Flora Tristan (1979); Laura Strumingher, The Odyssey of Flora Tristan (1988); Gerhard Leo, Aufruhr einer Paria (1990); Sandra Dijkstra, Flora Tristan (1992); Stéphane Michaud (ed), Flora Tristan (correspondence, 1995); Susan Grogan, Flora Tristan (1998); etc.
Gertrud M. Tuckwell (1861-1951)
Was active in the British trade union movement: president of the Women's Trade Union League in 1904; cofounder of the National Federation of Women Workers in 1906. The archive contains documents collected by Gertrude Tuckwell: reports and comments on factory bills, documents relating to lead poisoning, industrial law cases, regulations, sweating and related subjects; documents concerning the Women's Trade Union League 1895-1918; documents concerning conferences on women's labour; copies of publications by Tuckwell.
Clara Zetkin (1857-1933)
German socialist and feminist.